Bahrain, an archipelago set against the stunning backdrop of the Persian Gulf, boasts a cultural heritage that dates back to the ancient civilisation of Dilmun. During your holiday in Bahrain, immerse yourself in the heart of Bahrain's traditional crafts and artistry. Discover the traditional crafts of Bahrain in the rich legacy of embroidery and weaving, the intricate artistry of pottery and ceramics, the historical significance of pearl diving, and the skilled craftsmanship of shipbuilding.

　　Crafts of Bahrain

　　Pottery And Ceramics

　　Pottery has been an important industry in Bahrain since ancient times. Archaeological evidence of this can be found at various sites across the country, particularly at the Bahrain Fort excavation site and the Dilmun Burial Mounds. A'ali village is famous for its traditional pottery, which is made from mud sourced from the nearby flats in Riffa. The potters in this village are well-known for their unique clay pots. Visitors can explore several pottery and ceramics studios here to discover intriguing pieces. Additionally, modern studios like Studio Ceramics encourage creative individuals to create their own pottery.

　　Textiles

　　Bahrain boasts a rich textile heritage, prominently showcased through its traditional weaving methods, which continue to be prevalent today. Weaving is deeply rooted in Bahraini culture, with techniques and patterns passed down through generations. One of the most valued traditional crafts in Bahrain is Al-Sadu weaving, which translates to "horizontal weaving" in Arabic. It is a traditional Bedouin weaving craft practiced throughout the Arabian Peninsula, including Bahrain. This craft is renowned for its geometric patterns and its use of natural fibres such as goat hair, wool, and camel fur. Al-Sadu has also been recognised as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage.

　　During your travels, you will discover that the Bahrain Authority for Culture and Antiquities has initiated various projects to preserve and promote these traditional crafts. For example, you can visit the Al Naseej Factory, part of a broader effort to redefine and revitalise traditional crafts and industries across Bahrain.

　　Another place you should check out is the Bani Jamra Naseej Factory, which serves as both a textile weaving facility and a social space, playing a crucial role in preserving and revitalising these traditional crafts.

　　Shipbuilding

　　Bahrain has a rich history of shipbuilding, particularly known for traditional crafts such as wooden boats (dhows) and fishing nets. Shipbuilding has been a vital industry in Bahrain since ancient times, highlighting the nation's maritime heritage and its reliance on the sea for fishing, diving, pearling, and transportation. Bahraini artisans were recognised for constructing various types of ships, including the Al-banush (dhow), Abloom, and Albaghlah, which were used for fishing, diving, pearling, and the transport of cargo and passengers. The shipbuilding industry was primarily concentrated in cities like Manama and Muharraq, with notable shipyards located in Naeem and Ras Ruman. The country is currently experiencing a revival in craftsmanship, encouraging collaboration among artisans.

　　Basket Weaving

　　Basket weaving is an ancient craft in Bahrain, practiced in villages such as Karbabad, Jasra, and Budaiya, which highlights its deep cultural roots. Readily available local palm leaves are used to create a variety of items, including dining mats and storage baskets. These creations reflect a rich cultural heritage while serving practical purposes.

　　Bahrain's abundance of palm trees makes palm leaves a sustainable material for basket weaving. The baskets are known for their durability and attractive designs, with some being so artistic that they are more suitable for display than for everyday use.

　　During your holiday in Bahrain, be sure to visit The House of Basket Weaving, located in Qala'at al Bahrain Village next to the Bahrain Fort Site, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This centre is dedicated to promoting the basket-making craft from Karbabad village, bringing together craftsmen and craftswomen, and offering training programmes and workshops to ensure the sustainability of this traditional craft.

　　Embroidery

　　Embroidery is significant in Bahraini culture as an important decoration for homes and clothing. One traditional form of embroidery, known as Al-Naqda, is a cherished part of Bahrain’s heritage. This technique features meticulous silver or gold thread stitching, creating intricate patterns and designs. The term "Naqda" is derived from the Arabic word for silver measurement, and the technique involves pulling thin strands of metal (known as khoos) through the fabric using a special needle.

　　Another type of Arabic embroidery is called Kurar, which consists of weaving gold, silver, and silk threads to create ribbons for decorating clothing. Each ribbon is crafted by a group of at least three women, with the width determined by the number of weavers involved.

　　Visit the Kurar House, a unique cultural space where the women of Muharraq preserve the kurar craft, a skill passed down through three generations of a family. The Centre also sells these exquisite handicrafts to support the women involved.

　　Pearl Diving

　　Pearl diving has long been a cornerstone of Bahrain’s economy, shaping its cultural and economic landscape for centuries. The island is renowned globally for its exceptional quality pearls, which were historically sought after by traders and collectors alike. At the heart of this rich history lies the UNESCO-listed Pearling Path, a cultural landmark that celebrates Bahrain's enduring legacy in the pearl industry.

　　This historic route showcases the traditional methods of pearl diving and the subsequent trade that formed the backbone of a thriving economy. The craft of pearl jewelry making, particularly the intricate art of threading pearls without drilling them, remains a highly regarded skill. Families with deep-rooted connections to the pearl trade are dedicated to preserving and promoting this time-honoured craft.