Andhra Pradesh, a land of rich traditions and diverse landscapes, is home to several Geographical Indication (GI) products that showcase its unique cultural identity. These products—from exquisite handloom textiles and intricate handicrafts to distinctive agricultural produce—are deeply woven into the state's heritage. GI tags protect these indigenous products and preserve the livelihoods of artisans and farmers who have nurtured these crafts for generations. Whether the intricate Mangalagiri Sarees And Fabrics, the world-renowned Durgi Stone Carvings, or the flavoursome Guntur Sannam Chilli, each GI-tagged product tells a story of skill, legacy, and authenticity. Here's a look at some of the most iconic GI products of Andhra Pradesh that reflect the state's artistic brilliance, agricultural bounty, and culinary excellence.

　　Mangalagiri Sarees And Fabrics

　　Nestled between Vijayawada and Guntur, Mangalagiri is a town steeped in history, where devotion and craftsmanship intertwine seamlessly. For over 500 years, its looms have produced exquisite Mangalagiri sarees and fabrics, a testament to the region's enduring textile legacy. Recognising its unique heritage and craftsmanship, the Government of India granted Mangalagiri Sarees and Fabrics GI status in 2013.

　　Originally woven exclusively as sarees, the fabric has gained acclaim for its versatility, finding its way into churidars, dupattas, and dress materials. Their signature Nizam border sets Mangalagiri sarees apart—a delicate yet striking weave of pure zari procured from Surat, adorned with intricate inverted checks and fine dots. The fabric's rich colours and luminous short-colour combinations lend it an elegant sheen, while its hallmark durability and softness make it a timeless favourite.

　　Mangalagiri's weaving tradition is deeply interwoven with its spiritual past. The town, home to the revered Panakala Narasimha Swamy temple, has long been a pilgrim centre. A centuries-old custom dictated that devotees visiting the temple would also purchase a saree from a local weaver before departing, ensuring the craft's patronage for generations.

　　Despite historical challenges, including heavy taxation imposed by the Qutb Shahi rulers in 1593, the resilient weavers of Mangalagiri persisted. Today, nearly half the town's population remains engaged in handloom weaving, preserving an art that has stood the test of time. Mangalagiri sarees are not just fabrics; they are woven stories, carrying the legacy of devotion, heritage, and artistic brilliance.

　　Kondapalli Toys

　　Among India’s many handicraft hubs, Kondapalli, a quaint village near Vijayawada, stands out for its remarkable wooden toys—Kondapalli Bommalu. This 400-year-old craft is a testament to the skill and dedication of the artisans, whose work has captured the imagination of people worldwide.

　　The roots of Kondapalli toy-making trace back to the Aryakshatriya community, which is believed to have migrated from Rajasthan centuries ago. Carved from softwood, each toy is meticulously shaped, coated with a paste of sawdust and tamarind seed, and then painted in striking hues. The themes often depict village life, mythology, and nature, making these toys a visual chronicle of Andhra Pradesh's rich cultural ethos.

　　Beyond mere playthings, Kondapalli toys hold deep cultural significance. During Sankranti, the festival of Bommala Koluvu, families proudly display their collections as symbols of prosperity. These toys also play a role in storytelling, bringing folklore and epics to life. Set against the historic Kondapalli Fort backdrop, these handcrafted marvels continue to be a source of pride. Since 2005, Kondapalli Bommalu has held a prestigious GI tag, preserving its legacy for generations.

　　Durgi Stone Carvings

　　Nestled in the heart of Andhra Pradesh's Palnadu district, the exquisite Durgi Stone Carvings are a testament to time-honoured craftsmanship. This ancient art, tracing its origins to 15th-century Nagarjunakonda, flourished under Buddhist influence, with artisans sculpting divine figures from the region's unique Sudda Rai limestone. Chosen for its softness and workability, this stone allowed intricate detailing that set Durgi's sculptures apart from those made in granite.

　　The migration of sculptors from Nagarjunakonda to Durgi, following the construction of Nagarjuna Sagar Dam, gave rise to a new centre of artistry. Today, the Nagarjuna Stone Carving Industrial Cooperative Society, established in 1962, continues to uphold this legacy, keeping alive a craft that has adorned temples, homes, and sacred spaces for centuries. Recognising its artistic and cultural significance, Durgi stone carving was granted a GI tag in June 2017, bestowing it with a distinct identity and preserving its legacy for future generations.

　　In recent times, Durgi stone carving has evolved beyond religious sculptures to include decorative and utilitarian pieces—statues, lamps, tulsi pots, jewellery boxes, and paperweights, each infused with artistic excellence. Inspired by mythology, nature, and spiritual ideals, these carvings blend tradition with contemporary aesthetics, ensuring this GI-tagged heritage craft remains a cherished part of India's artistic identity.

　　Guntur Sannam Chilli

　　The word Sannam in Telugu translates to "thin" or "long," perfectly capturing the essence of the famed Guntur Sannam chilli. More than just a name, it signifies this fiery spice's deep roots in Andhra Pradesh's heartland. This prized chilli is classified into four distinct grades—Sannam Special (SS), a vibrant, glossy red with lengths exceeding 5 cm; Sannam General (SG), slightly shorter but equally radiant; Sannam Fair (SF), a duller red with a blackish tinge; and Non-Specified (NS), a versatile grade catering to specific buyer requirements.

　　Thriving in Guntur's warm, humid fields, this chilli is an agricultural gem, its fiery legacy dating back over 400 years. India reigns as the world's top chilli producer, and Andhra Pradesh, commanding 46 per cent of the nation's yield, is its undisputed spice capital. The Guntur Sannam chilli, known as S4 in trade, is sought after for its bold heat—registering between 35,000 to 40,000 SHU—and rich capsaicin content, making it a staple in global cuisines, pharmaceutical industries, and even textiles. Recognising its significance, the Guntur Sannam chilli was registered with the GI registry of the Government of India in 2009, cementing its status as a distinct and protected agricultural product. Beyond its culinary prowess, this chilli is a powerhouse of vitamins and antioxidants, a natural healer, and a vibrant, indispensable ingredient in kitchens worldwide.