Frequent flyer programs can seem enticing for the thrill of earning free flights to exotic destinations. But they can also be bewildering, given the intricate airline rules for collecting and redeeming miles.

Is learning about frequent flyer programs worth your time and effort? The answer, of course, depends on you. If you’re just starting to learn about these programs, here’s what you need to know.

Should you bother with airline rewards?

What's in it for you?

How to get started

Get an airline credit card?

Optimize your miles

Should you bother with airline rewards?

All major U.S. airlines operate loyalty programs. The basic premise is that if you spend your money with one airline, it will give you miles or points to redeem for free flights, better seats and preferential treatment. The term "miles" doesn’t refer to a distance you’ve flown or can fly for free; it’s just what some airlines call the rewards currency.

Answer two primary questions when deciding whether to bother with airline programs:

Should I sign up?

In short, yes. These programs are free and easy to sign up for. And despite the general term "frequent flyer," you don't need to be one. You can sign up online while booking your first flight. Then, enter your frequent flyer number when you buy tickets so that you'll earn reward miles or points. Maybe you’ll earn enough rewards to redeem; maybe not. You won’t get any better upfront ticket prices just because you’re a member, though.

Should I put effort into the program?

This question depends on whether you’ll be loyal to an airline, or maybe two or three airlines, if you fly often. Your answer may come down to two factors:

Where do you live? Do you have a choice of multiple airlines at your nearest airports? If you do, some experts would argue that you should mostly disregard frequent flyer programs. You might get more value by playing the field and simply booking the airline that offers the best flights and prices. In other words, the frequent flyer program — regardless of whether you belong to it — wouldn’t be a consideration when buying airfare.

But if one airline dominates your only nearby airport, then racking up loyalty rewards with a single airline — and spending them — will be easier because you have little choice.

How often do you fly? If you fly mostly one airline and fly often, you’re a prime candidate to get value from a frequent flyer program.

If you don't, the decision is murkier.