While other countries have tried to catch up, there's still nothing quite like Japan's rail network.

Since 1964, Japan's Shinkansen trains have zipped travelers between major cities — currently at speeds up to 200 mph. Add in regional and local trains, and you can get pretty much anywhere on Japan's main islands by rail.

If you're planning to visit more than one city, a Japan rail pass can make it cheaper and easier. But there's more than one rail pass: Travelers have dozens of options to choose from. Picking the right one is key to balancing cost and ease.

Here's what you need to know about getting a pass, Japan rail pass prices, and where to buy a Japan rail pass.

Types of rail passes in Japan

Japan's train companies offer foreign tourists dozens of rail pass options. Picking the right one for your trip depends on which part or parts of Japan you want to visit.

If you want the flexibility to go anywhere, you'll want to get the countrywide Japan Rail Pass — also referred to as the JR Pass. This pass is sold in increments of seven days (up to 21 days). It lets you access virtually any JR-operated train — as well as JR-operated buses and certain ferry boats — across Japan during the validity period.

However, don't overlook regional passes. These rail passes can be a cheaper option when you need unlimited travel within a particular area.

For instance, say you plan to visit the eastern part of Japan. JR EAST offers a half-dozen types of rail passes, each covering a different region from Tokyo.

Meanwhile, JR WEST offers nearly a dozen train passes in and around Osaka and Kyoto.

The Hokkaido Railway Company offers a variety of train pass options around the northern island of Hokkaido.

Japan rail pass prices

Japan rail pass prices vary drastically, starting around $17 for a one-day Kansai Area Pass to up to $644 for a three-week Japan countrywide pass in the first class Green Car. The cost depends on which Japan rail pass (or passes) is right for your trip.

Keep in mind that some passes are cheaper when purchased abroad. Usually, this is a modest savings. For example, you'll save around $7 when buying a five-day Hokkaido Rail Pass abroad. Still, it's worth considering as a way to reduce the cost of your trip.